How does turbocharging technology improve the power performance of diesel engines?

Turbocharging technology improves the power performance of diesel engines mainly through the following aspects:

Increase intake volume

The turbocharging system is mainly composed of a turbine and a compressor. During the operation of a diesel engine, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gases emitted have a significant amount of energy, which drives the turbine to rotate. The turbine and compressor impellers are connected by a shaft, so the rotation of the turbine will drive the synchronous rotation of the compressor impeller. When the compressor impeller rotates, it draws in air and compresses it, significantly increasing the amount of air entering the engine cylinder. More air means it can be fully mixed and burned with more fuel, releasing more energy and directly increasing the engine's power output.

Improve combustion efficiency

Due to turbocharging, the intake air volume is increased, allowing fuel and air to mix more thoroughly and evenly. In this case, the combustion process is closer to the ideal state, and the fuel can burn more completely, reducing the energy loss caused by incomplete combustion. Meanwhile, more thorough combustion can also distribute combustion pressure and temperature more reasonably within the cylinder, improving the thermal efficiency of the engine and converting more chemical energy into mechanical energy, thereby enhancing power performance.

Increase engine torque

Turbocharging technology can provide higher intake pressure at lower engine speeds, allowing the engine to output greater torque in the low-speed range. This is very advantageous for diesel engines in heavy load starting, climbing and other working conditions, allowing vehicles or equipment to easily cope with various complex working scenarios. For example, on some large trucks equipped with turbocharged diesel engines, even when fully loaded with cargo, sufficient power can be quickly obtained at the start without experiencing a lack of power.

Optimize power output

By increasing the intake volume and improving combustion efficiency, turbocharging technology can enable diesel engines to output more power at the same displacement. Generally speaking, a turbocharged diesel engine can increase power by 30% to 50% or even more compared to a naturally aspirated engine, significantly improving the engine's power performance and meeting the higher requirements for power in different application scenarios.